Sternutators

When everything is covered with yellow pollen, many people have fits of sternutation.

Anon

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Sternutators cause vomiting, respiratory irritation  and sneezing, their purpose is to incapacitate rather than to kill the enemy, as such they are sometimes regarded as riot control agents rather than as CW agents. The effects of these agents is short-lived.

Dianisidine chlorosulphonate [Niespulver, dianisidine chlorosulfate] - C₁₄H₁₆N₂O₂ClSO₃ - 

A colorless or white solid. It was first used by the Germans in WWI, as a shell filling with an explosive dispersant, rather than dispersing the agent, it incinerated it. This agent is regarded as not very effective, until about 1940 it was still the major ingredient of joke sneezing powder, in some parts of the world, but was banned as early as 1919 in the USA.

Diphenylchloroarsine [Chlorodiphenylarsine, Blue cross, Sternite, DA, Clark I] - (C₆H₅)₂AsCl -

A colorless crystalline solid, or a dark-brown liquid. Strongly irritating to skin and eyes, and can cause vomiting. Toxic by ingestion and inhalation.

Diphenylcyanoarsine [Sternite, DC, CDA, Clark II, Chlor-Arsen-Kampfstoff 2] - (C₆H₅)₂AsCN - 

A colourless liquid, or crystalline solid, melting point of 31 °C, odourless or fruity odour. Low solubility in water, water contact causes slow decomposition.

Long-term exposure to diphenylcyanoarsine primarily manifests through its degradation product, diphenylarsinic acid, which accumulates in the central nervous system and induces persistent neurotoxicity.

Diphenylaminechloroarsine [10-Chloro-5,10-dihydrophenarsazine, DM, Adamsite] - (C₆H₄)₂NHAsCl -

An odourless crystalline compound with a very low vapour pressure. The colour of the crystals ranges from bright yellow to dark green depending on the purity. It is readily soluble in some organic solvents (e.g., acetone, dichloromethane), but nearly insoluble in water. In vapour form it appears as a canary yellow smoke. Usually dispersed as an aerosol, making the upper respiratory tract the primary site of action. Although the effects are similar to those caused by typical riot control agents (e.g. CS), they are slower in onset but longer in duration, often lasting for 12 or more hours. After a latency period of 5-10 minutes irritation of the eyes, lungs and mucous membranes develops followed by headache, nausea and persistent vomiting.

Ethylcarbazole [N-ethylcarbazole, 9-Ethylcarbazole, 9-Ethyl-9H-carbazole] - (C₆H₄)₂NC₂H₅ -

A brown solid. Causes eye, skin, respiratory and digestive tract irritation. No longer classified as a CW agent, it is used in the electronics industries.

Ethyldibromoarsine - [dibromoethylarsine; Yellow Cross] C₂H₅AsBr₂ -

This colourless volatile liquid, reportedly smells like rotting fruit. Vapours irritate eyes and skin. Very toxic by inhalation. Denser than water and vapours are heavier than air.

Ethyldichloroarsine [Dick, EDED, TL-214; Dichloroethylarsine, Ethyldichloroarsine, dichloro(ethyl)arsane, Ethylarsenic dichloride, Ethylarsonous dichloride] - C₂H₅AsCl₂ -

This colourless volatile liquid, reportedly smells like rotting fruit. Vapours irritate eyes and skin. Very toxic by inhalation. Denser than water and vapours are heavier than air. Ethyldichloroarsine has the same structure as ethyldibromoarsine, but with the bromine atoms replaced by chlorine atoms.

Methyldichloroarsine [Methyldick, MD] - CH₃AsCl₂ -

This colourless volatile liquid is a highly toxic vesicant. Respiratory symptoms may be delayed for 3 to 5 days.

Phenyldichloroarsine [Sternite] - C₆H₅AsCl₂ -

An odourless, colourless to brownish liquid with an oily texture. When impure, it can have a "horseradish" or garlic-like odor.
Symptoms may worsen or appear up to 32 hours after the initial exposure.